Last week saw a strange coincidence. Firstly, I finished reading "Scott’s Last Expedition" – the diary of Captain Robert Falcon Scott, who died on the way back from being the second person to reach to South Pole.
Secondly, I watched
Blue Peter presenter Helen Skelton’s attempt to become the first person to reach the South Pole on a bicycle. For charity.
Now, I call it a strange coincidence but it’s not really
that strange. It is now almost exactly a hundred years since Scott himself died
of starvation and cold, eleven miles away from a supply depot. Right now, we
are somewhere between the centenary of Captain Oates going outside to his death
(pictured above, as imagined by JC Dollman) and the remaining three members of
the South Party (Scott, Wilson and Bowers) dying a couple of weeks later. As such, the country is full of
Scott exhibitions, memorabilia and whatnot.
Having made this categorical statement, I checked the facts
of the matter some weeks later – and found that
Scott’s Last Expedition is
indeed free on t’internet. Don’t worry about it being “Volume 1” – Volume 2 is
just all their scientific findings, and dating as they do from a hundred years
ago they are all probably completely (and, to our eyes, insanely) wrong.
So, as I said before, I’ve just finished reading it. The
main conclusion I reached is that I have now wasted quite enough of my life
reading diaries of historic Polar expeditions.
Nansen at least had the decency to go through typically Scandinavian
moping bouts of theatrical depression, which he kindly set down in print.
Conversely, the consistent tone of Scott’s diary is one of primly-stiffened
upper lip. “The horses have all died. It is probably for the best” – that sort
of thing.
Ah yes. The horses.
Now, I am far from an expert in such things, but as both an ENGLISHMAN and a BLOGGER I’ll be DAMNED
if I will let that stand in the way
of me reaching conclusions I cannot be swayed from that are based purely on my
own opinions.
Many people have suggested that Scott’s decision to rely on
horse transport was a fatal error. Firstly, it gave the race to the South Pole
to Amundsen by making it necessary to start much later that he did (going by
dog sled). Secondly, it slowed them down on the way, what with carrying all the
necessary hay and other horse food, picking them out of crevasses and getting
naughty horse Christopher into his harness every day.
Apparently, Oates himself (the resident horse expert of the
expedition) thought that the particular horses they had were dreadful – begging
the question, precisely what kind of horse should one expect to be good at climbing
over sea ice in a blizzard.
Also, it is in respect of the horses that Scott comes
closest (not close, but closest) to admitting that perhaps his preparations
were not 100% perfect – when he mentions that they only had one pair of horse
snow shoes for the whole party and that they hadn’t actually practised making
the horse walk while wearing them.
Despite, I should add, having had NOTHING TO DO for the preceding six
months.
From my own experience, I have noted that horses always look bloody miserable in snow - while dogs absolutely love it. Sadly, nobody asked for my advice, even though it could have saved them.
I don’t blame the horses for Scott’s failure. Indeed, they
were all dead and eaten long before then. But they are indicative of Scott’s
attitude – which brings me back to Nansen.
Clearly Scott had read “Farthest North” - he mentions it
somewhere. OK, the Arctic isn’t exactly the same as the Antarctic (fewer
penguins, more polar bears for starters), but Scott seems completely wilful in
his disregard of the lessons on “how not to die while travelling across Polar
wastes” that Nansen had released some 20 years earlier.
Did Scott and his party die because of British chauvinism?
Ah yes, I have found the angle for my Guardian column! Certainly,
there are a lot of references to the virtues of tea throughout the book.
Firstly, the Terra Nova expedition took about 40 dogs to
pull sledges, but sent them back fairly early in the attempt on the Pole
because Scott didn’t believe they would do any good. On what basis, the diary does not mention.
Guess how Roald Amundsen
got to the South Pole before him? Guess how Nansen got back from Farthest
North? Dogs. Not horses. Or walking.
Secondly, Scott seems to regard skiing as a bit of a novelty
– something he could do, but which he didn’t regard it as essential for all the
members of his party to be any good at. As far as I can tell, Henry Bowers didn’t
ski at all and walked the whole way.
Thirdly, Nansen went on about how they were far too hot in
their fur gear (“wolfskin capes” to be precise). What were Scott and co
wearing? Seemingly stuff they’d bought from Milletts. I might also add that as you can see NONE OF THEM had the sense to GROW A BLOODY BIG BEARD as a means of
warding off frostbite of the facial areas.
And yet, all those lessons had been available for almost 20
years. Amundsen followed them and he got to the South Pole first, and he got
back alive - here he is, feeling the benefit. Scott didn’t follow them.
Was this the product of the belief that while things like riding
on dog sleds, wearing fur, having an inner life etc might be alright for silly foreigners, it was
quite unnecessary for British people to do anything quite so dramatic, and that
a combination blind optimism and good old amateurism would see them through
just fine?
And it’s not just Scott. Let the record also show that Lawrence
Oates – who plenty of people right now would
canonise
– did not regard having had his thigh bone shattered in the Boer War some ten
years earlier and one leg shorter than the other as likely to represent any kind of an impediment.
I don’t know. The last section of the book is genuinely
moving, particularly the account of Oates’ death.
Should this be found I
want these facts recorded. Oates' last thoughts were of his Mother, but immediately
before he took pride in thinking that his regiment would be pleased with the
bold way in which he met his death. We can testify to his bravery. He has borne
intense suffering for weeks without complaint, and to the very last was able
and willing to discuss outside subjects. He did not—would not--give up hope to
the very end. He was a brave soul. This was the end. He slept through the night
before last, hoping not to wake; but he woke in the morning--yesterday. It was
blowing a blizzard. He said, 'I am just going outside and may be some time.' He
went out into the blizzard and we have not seen him since.
So, some 48 hours after having read this, to see Helen
Skelton refusing to kite surf on her way to the South Pole because it was too
easy and insisting on riding a bicycle instead made me realise just how much
the world has changed in a hundred years.
Again, the strange coincidence of the opening paragraph is
perhaps not so strange. She was raising money for Sport Relief, and of course,
as the sun begins to show its face for more than a few minutes before and after
work, the season of aggressive charity fund-raising is upon us. And I expect
she probably chose this particular challenge not entirely without reference to
the Scott centenary.
Had Scott taken her route to the South Pole, I think he’d
almost certainly have succeeded. Seemingly it was completely flat and the
weather was lovely.
That’s not to denigrate
Helen
Skelton’s achievement. Well done to her indeed. But – and here my Guardian
piece turns into a Daily Telegraph piece – doesn’t the world seem a lot smaller
when the unconquered wilderness that made heroes out of those who died trying
to tame it is now a tourist attraction where people go for an “experience”?
I will say it again. After setting the world record for the
fastest 100km kite surf, Helen threw away her kite and decided to carry on by
bike – because kite surfing wasn’t hard
enough.
That must have been one hell of a hundred years.